Masks have become an indispensable item to help prevent the spread of the new coronavirus worldwide. With some places, including in India recommending the use for those who still need to take to the streets to work or perform some essential task.
However, knowing which type to use and what each one is for is not a simple task. For this reason, we have listed the most common variations of face masks and what type of protection they can offer.
These masks are made with polyester and other synthetic fibers, including layers of tangled fibers that current as a filter to hinder the passage of particles. Despite being identified as one of the most effective, its use is unique.
Some models even have "exhalation valves", which makes breathing easier. This protection is often used in buildings. It is worth remembering that the mask with an exhalation valve should not be used in areas that must be sterilized, such as hospital operating rooms.
The adjustment of N95 masks is one of the factors that most help in protection. Its curved shape offers adherence to the face of those who use it, thus preventing particles from entering through a small open space.
However, they can be effective in cases where people are coughing or sneezing as it keeps the droplets inside the mask . They are fully disposable and designed to be used only once.
The fit on the user's face is also not perfect, so there is a risk that some particle will pass through it.
A good homemade mask uses a material that is dense enough to capture viral particles, but it should also make breathing easier. This is the case for cotton fabrics. It is recommended to use material with a higher line count - which allows low light to pass through it.
In addition, it is advisable that homemade products have two layers of the material used and that they are large enough to cover the nose and extend below the chin. This model is reusable, just wash it after use.
Some people experiment with using this model with air filters and vacuum bags. They can be effective, but they can present risks. Many are not breathable and may contain fibers that, if inhaled, pose health risks.
Wearing masks against the new coronavirus is only effective if used properly. Health authorities recommend that they are always well adjusted to the face of those who use them. They may not be 100% effective, but, if combined with recommendations for social distance and regular hand washing, they should prevent virus contamination in most cases.
However, knowing which type to use and what each one is for is not a simple task. For this reason, we have listed the most common variations of face masks and what type of protection they can offer.
N95
Known to be very effective, its name alludes to the fact that it can block at least 95% of the tiny particles carried by the air. It is able to prevent the passage of particles on the scale of 0.0001 inches (0.3 microns) in diameter. To give you an idea, human hair is between 70 and 100 microns.These masks are made with polyester and other synthetic fibers, including layers of tangled fibers that current as a filter to hinder the passage of particles. Despite being identified as one of the most effective, its use is unique.
Some models even have "exhalation valves", which makes breathing easier. This protection is often used in buildings. It is worth remembering that the mask with an exhalation valve should not be used in areas that must be sterilized, such as hospital operating rooms.
The adjustment of N95 masks is one of the factors that most help in protection. Its curved shape offers adherence to the face of those who use it, thus preventing particles from entering through a small open space.
Surgical mask
This type of mask has several models. However, it is less effective than the N95. Studies show that they filter from 60% to 80% of the small particles carried by the air - this in conditions tested in the laboratory.However, they can be effective in cases where people are coughing or sneezing as it keeps the droplets inside the mask . They are fully disposable and designed to be used only once.
The fit on the user's face is also not perfect, so there is a risk that some particle will pass through it.
Homemade mask
With the lack of protective masks in stores, many appealed for a homemade version, made of fabric. Depending on the material used in the manufacture, the protection offered may be the same as a surgical version. However, due to the moment we live in, any coverage on the face is better than nothing.A good homemade mask uses a material that is dense enough to capture viral particles, but it should also make breathing easier. This is the case for cotton fabrics. It is recommended to use material with a higher line count - which allows low light to pass through it.
In addition, it is advisable that homemade products have two layers of the material used and that they are large enough to cover the nose and extend below the chin. This model is reusable, just wash it after use.
Homemade mask with filter
This model is the most interesting. This is because, in addition to being made of cotton, it has a kind of internal pocket in which it is possible to place an additional filter. One experiment found that using two sheets of paper towels in that pocket makes the mask capable of blocking between 23% and 33% of the 0.3 micron particles.Some people experiment with using this model with air filters and vacuum bags. They can be effective, but they can present risks. Many are not breathable and may contain fibers that, if inhaled, pose health risks.
Wearing masks against the new coronavirus is only effective if used properly. Health authorities recommend that they are always well adjusted to the face of those who use them. They may not be 100% effective, but, if combined with recommendations for social distance and regular hand washing, they should prevent virus contamination in most cases.
